2. homework REPORTED SPEECH

A) Ecrivez les phrases suivantes au style indirect:


a) "I don't mean returning to nature..."


→ Thomas said ______________________________


b) "We are also cultural-social beings"

→ He explained ---

c) "We can't ignore either element..."

→He added ---


d) "We will do our best..."

→ He told the journalist---



B) Ecrivez les phrases au style direct:

a) He said that he had already seen Manhattan.

→ He said: 

b) He told us that he didn't mean living in cities like NY.

 →  
c) He explained that people would build a new green wall the following month.

→

Language / Reported Speech lesson

REPORTED SPEECH

 Le passage au style indirect apporte plusieurs modifications.

A)   Si le temps ne change pas :

The journalist asks Thomas : « Do you think we can build a living wall here ? Will your buildings be expensive? »

⇒She  asks Peter IF HE thinkS THEY can build a living wall here.

She asks  HIM  IF HIS  buildings  will be expensive …

⇒changement de syntaxe (ordre des mots) dans les questions : il n’y a plus ASV

⇒changement de ponctuation : il n’y a plus de guillemets dans les questions

⇒changement de pronoms personnels et de pronoms et déterminants possessifs (my buildings→ his buildings).

B)   Si le discours est rapporté au passé :

En plus des modifications ci-dessus il faut ajouter :

⇒modification des indicateurs spatiaux et temporels (si le discours n’est pas rapporté le même jour)

Ex : Thomas: « I saw the tower yesterday »  → Thomas said that he had seen the tower the day before …

Ex2 :Thomas: «  Will you visit the place tomorrow ? » → He asked me if I would visit the place the next day/ the following day…

⇒ modification des temps

Présent ⇒ passé    EX : I work in New York → he said (that) he WORKED in NY.

Passé ⇒ pluperfect    EX : I built this tower → he said (that) he HAD BUILT this tower.

Present perfect → pluperfect    EX : I have been to NY → he said she HAD BEEN to NY.

WILL⇒WOULD   EX : I will read this document.  → he said (that) he WOULD read this document.

CAN ⇒ COULD   EX : I can do it… →  he said (that) he COULD do it…

C)   Rapporter des ordres

Pour rapporter des ordres on utilise une subordonnée en « TO ».

Ex : «  Do it ! » She told/ asked  us  TO do it.

D)   Varier les verbes introducteurs

Les verbes introducteurs ne sont pas toujours say (to someone) , tell someone ou ask…

Pensez à les varier.

EX : explain, add, suggest, mention, point out, wonder, admit, retort, shout, whisper, complain…

NB : TELL est toujours suivi de l’interlocuteur (tell ME/ HER…)

NB 2 : les subordonnées peuvent êtres introduites par  Ø  ou THAT.

Ex : He said he was optimistic/ He said that he was optimistic.

2.8 Tuesday May 26th Language

Language for Friday May 29th

A) Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1) *This city is less and less polluting; she is one of the greenest city in the world.

2)  * They build green areas for have a better life. There is many  parks...

3) * They use energy renewable as they would like that the city be green.

4) * It's a city who is interesting because of her many projetcs. 

5) * There are less and less cars, more and more garden.

6) *  There are people who not have the choice; they have to find news ideas.


B) Translate:

a) Ils utilisent du bois pour construire de nouveaux bâtiments.

b) C'est une ville verte et on la considère comme l'une des plus belles d' Europe.

c)  C'est une ampoule basse consommation.

d)  Notre société de consommation a besoin de changer.

compound words CORRECTION

    high efficiency lighting

      sustainable development goal

      energy-saving  light bulb

      solar-powered lawn mower 

      reusable bread bag

      biodegradable bin liners

a video about the cities of the future

Complete with a compound adjective (read the lesson again before) (for May 25th)

How to coin compound ADJECTIVES Tuesday May 19th

There are different ways of coining adjectives:

- adj + V-ing ( a long lasting impact)

- noun + V-ing (an energy saving device)

-  noun+past participle (sun-dried or solar-powered),

-  noun+adjective(an environment-friendly place)

- adjective+noun+ed (a dark-haired or blue-eyed person)

- number+noun (a two-hour session),  

- adjective +noun (a long-distance runner). 

- adverb + past participle (a densely-populated area)