2. homework REPORTED SPEECH

A) Ecrivez les phrases suivantes au style indirect:


a) "I don't mean returning to nature..."


→ Thomas said ______________________________


b) "We are also cultural-social beings"

→ He explained ---

c) "We can't ignore either element..."

→He added ---


d) "We will do our best..."

→ He told the journalist---



B) Ecrivez les phrases au style direct:

a) He said that he had already seen Manhattan.

→ He said: 

b) He told us that he didn't mean living in cities like NY.

 →  
c) He explained that people would build a new green wall the following month.

→

Language / Reported Speech lesson

REPORTED SPEECH

 Le passage au style indirect apporte plusieurs modifications.

A)   Si le temps ne change pas :

The journalist asks Thomas : « Do you think we can build a living wall here ? Will your buildings be expensive? »

⇒She  asks Peter IF HE thinkS THEY can build a living wall here.

She asks  HIM  IF HIS  buildings  will be expensive …

⇒changement de syntaxe (ordre des mots) dans les questions : il n’y a plus ASV

⇒changement de ponctuation : il n’y a plus de guillemets dans les questions

⇒changement de pronoms personnels et de pronoms et déterminants possessifs (my buildings→ his buildings).

B)   Si le discours est rapporté au passé :

En plus des modifications ci-dessus il faut ajouter :

⇒modification des indicateurs spatiaux et temporels (si le discours n’est pas rapporté le même jour)

Ex : Thomas: « I saw the tower yesterday »  → Thomas said that he had seen the tower the day before …

Ex2 :Thomas: «  Will you visit the place tomorrow ? » → He asked me if I would visit the place the next day/ the following day…

⇒ modification des temps

Présent ⇒ passé    EX : I work in New York → he said (that) he WORKED in NY.

Passé ⇒ pluperfect    EX : I built this tower → he said (that) he HAD BUILT this tower.

Present perfect → pluperfect    EX : I have been to NY → he said she HAD BEEN to NY.

WILL⇒WOULD   EX : I will read this document.  → he said (that) he WOULD read this document.

CAN ⇒ COULD   EX : I can do it… →  he said (that) he COULD do it…

C)   Rapporter des ordres

Pour rapporter des ordres on utilise une subordonnée en « TO ».

Ex : «  Do it ! » She told/ asked  us  TO do it.

D)   Varier les verbes introducteurs

Les verbes introducteurs ne sont pas toujours say (to someone) , tell someone ou ask…

Pensez à les varier.

EX : explain, add, suggest, mention, point out, wonder, admit, retort, shout, whisper, complain…

NB : TELL est toujours suivi de l’interlocuteur (tell ME/ HER…)

NB 2 : les subordonnées peuvent êtres introduites par  Ø  ou THAT.

Ex : He said he was optimistic/ He said that he was optimistic.

2.8 Tuesday May 26th Language

Language for Friday May 29th

A) Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1) *This city is less and less polluting; she is one of the greenest city in the world.

2)  * They build green areas for have a better life. There is many  parks...

3) * They use energy renewable as they would like that the city be green.

4) * It's a city who is interesting because of her many projetcs. 

5) * There are less and less cars, more and more garden.

6) *  There are people who not have the choice; they have to find news ideas.


B) Translate:

a) Ils utilisent du bois pour construire de nouveaux bâtiments.

b) C'est une ville verte et on la considère comme l'une des plus belles d' Europe.

c)  C'est une ampoule basse consommation.

d)  Notre société de consommation a besoin de changer.

compound words CORRECTION

    high efficiency lighting

      sustainable development goal

      energy-saving  light bulb

      solar-powered lawn mower 

      reusable bread bag

      biodegradable bin liners

a video about the cities of the future

Complete with a compound adjective (read the lesson again before) (for May 25th)

How to coin compound ADJECTIVES Tuesday May 19th

There are different ways of coining adjectives:

- adj + V-ing ( a long lasting impact)

- noun + V-ing (an energy saving device)

-  noun+past participle (sun-dried or solar-powered),

-  noun+adjective(an environment-friendly place)

- adjective+noun+ed (a dark-haired or blue-eyed person)

- number+noun (a two-hour session),  

- adjective +noun (a long-distance runner). 

- adverb + past participle (a densely-populated area)

Tuesday May 19th compound words

Put the words in the correct order to create compound words :

-          lighting efficiency high

-          goal development sustainable

-          bulb light saving energy

-          mower lawn powered solar

-          bag bread reusable

-          liners bin biodegradable

You can send your answers…

VOCABULARY for Tuesday May 19th

2.8 Preposition or phrasal verb? Ex for Tuesday May 19th

Phrasal verbs or verbs + prepositions ?

A)What is the difference between ?

Put that document on the table./ here

And :

Put on your clothes.

Answer : dans la première phrase ON est une préposition (donc introduit un GN) alors que dans la seconde ON dépend du verbe.

PUT ON est un verbe à particule (phrasal verb) : la particule modifie le sens du verbe.

B) EX: This is a list of phrasal verbs. Can you find synonyms (English equivalents)?

blow up

carry on

drop off

end up

get on (with)

give in

give up

go on

hang around

look after

look for

look down (on)

put away

put on

put off

put out

put up

2.8 Read the text for Tuesday May 19th: a sustainable village

Poundbury: A look at Prince Charles' sustainable village in Dorset, on its 30th birthday

adapted from https://www.telegraph.co.uk Graham Norwood ,   26 April 2017

Wander through many modern housing estates and you may get dispirited.

Homes stacked high in designs identical to other developments across the country, the streetscape mired with cars parked on driveways, roads and pavements. And as for being able to walk to a school, workplace or supermarket – there’s no guarantee.

If you think that’s not good enough, you’re in good company: Prince Charles thinks the same. Yet unlike the rest of us, he’s been able to do something about it. That something is called Poundbury.

Located just outside Dorset’s county town of Dorchester, plans for this new sustainable community were first revealed by the Prince in 1987. […]

More than 3,000 people now live there, with 2,000 working in 180 local businesses; 35 per cent of the homes are affordable, rented or owned by people from local social housing lists.  

There are plenty of unusual features. Some of the energy it uses comes from an anaerobic digester on the edge of town run by local farmers, street signs are deliberately few and far between, while most parking is behind rather than in front of homes to allow spacious clutter-free streetscapes. Small businesses mix with homes in the higgledy-piggledy streets, from a chocolate factory to a tech company that makes parts for plane wings. There’s room for more than 80 start-up businesses dotted around the town. […]

In the meantime, the royal influence is being felt elsewhere. At nearby Fordington, the Prince wants to build 100 Arts & Craft-style homes – expect a planning application later this year. Further south west at Newquay in Cornwall, the Prince already has a small community established at Tregunnel Hill and another under construction on a 540-acre site called Nansledan – Cornish for “broad valley”.

All three sites stick to the principles enshrined in Poundbury – sustainable communities with a strong local influence on their appearance and materials, with a mix of private for sale and affordable homes.

To cynics they are further examples of the Prince making flesh his architectural pipe-dreams; to others, they might just be homes fit for a king – or, at least, a king-in-waiting.